The Many Electron Ground State of the Adiabatic Holstein Model in Two and Three Dimensions

We present the complete ground state phase diagram of the Holstein model in two and three dimension considering the phonon variables to be classical. We first establish the overall structure of the phase diagram by using exact diagonalisation based Monte Carlo (ED-MC) on small lattices and then use a new ``travelling cluster'' approximation (TCA) for annealing the phonon degrees of freedom on large lattices. The phases that emerge include a Fermi liquid (FL), with no lattice distortions, an insulating polaron liquid (PL) at strong coupling, and a charge ordered insulating (COI) phase around half- filling. The COI phase is separated from the Fermi liquid by a regime of phase coexistence whose width grows with increasing electron-phonon coupling. We provide results on the electronic density of states, the COI order parameter, and the spatial organisation of polaronic states, for arbitrary density and electron-phonon coupling. The results highlight the crucial role of spatial correlations in this strong coupling problem.Comment: Final versio

Antifungal attributes of Lactobacillus plantarum MYS6 against fumonisin producing Fusarium proliferatum associated with poultry feeds

Fumonisins, being common in occurrence in maize-based feeds, pose a great threat to animal and human health. The present study is aimed at determining the antifungal activity of Lactobacillus plantarum MYS6 against a fumonisin producing fungus, Fusarium proliferatum MYS9. The isolate was subjected to standard tests for determining its probiotic attributes and antifungal properties. L. plantarum MYS6 thrived well at pH 3.0 and 6.0, and exhibited strong resistance up to 3% bile. The isolate showed a high degree of cell surface hydrophobicity corresponding to its strong adhesion to chicken crop epithelial cells. Coinoculation with the fungus on modified de Man Rogosa Sharpe medium revealed the inhibitory effect of L. plantarum MYS6 on fungal growth and biomass. Observation using scanning electron microscopy showed distortion of hyphal structures, swollen tips and disrupted conidia. Conidia germination inhibition assay restrained germination and showed deformed hyphae. The bioprotective feature of the isolate was evident by the inhibition of fungal development in maize-kernel treated with the cell free supernatant of L. plantarum MYS6. Both the isolate and its extracellular metabolites lowered fumonisin content in feed model up to 0.505 mg/Kg of feed and 0.3125 mg/Kg of feed respectively when compared to the level of 0.870 mg/Kg of feed in control. The major antifungal compounds produced by the isolate were 10-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; palmitic acid, methyl ester; heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl ester; stearic acid and lauric acid. L. plantarum MYS6 reduced 61.7% of fumonisin possibly by a binding mechanism. These findings suggest the application of L. plantarum MYS6 as an efficient probiotic additive and biocontrol agent in feed used in poultry industry. Additionally, the antifungal metabolites pose a conspicuous inhibition of Fusarium growth and fumonisin production

Recurrent Giant cell tumour in distal Humerus: A Case report

Introduction: Giant cell tumour of bone (GCT) is a common benign primary bone tumour, seen commonly in the distal Femur, proximal Tibia and distal Radius. Very few cases of GCT are reported in distal humerus. We report an unusual presentation of recurrent Giant cell tumour in a 25 year old male in the medial condyle and epicondyle of left Humerus. Case Report: Patient presented elsewhere with lytic lesion of left elbow three years ago. As it is an uncommon site for tumors, it was misdiagnosed as tuberculous osteomyelitis and was inadequately curetted. Patient presented to us with recurrence of tumor one year after the primary surgery. We did en-bloc resection of the tumour, with judicious removal of partial trochlea. Though reconstruction was planned, it was found to be not necessary as the elbow was stable per-operatively. Patient regained near normal movements of the elbow with no instability. His Mayo Elbow Performance score improved from 30 to 85.There is no recurrence or metastasis of the tumor in the two-year follow-up. Conclusion: Though bone tumors are rare in distal Humerus, biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis of any lytic lesion in this region for proper management. Keywords: Recurrent Giant cell tumor, resection of GCT, GCT distal Humerus

Probiotic lactobacillus strains and their antimicrobial peptides to counteract biofilm-associated infections: A promising biological approach

Biofilms keep the intimate relationship between human body and resident microbes. According to National Institutes of Health (NIH), the development of extracellular microbial communities, called biofilms contribute approximately 75% of pathogenic infections to human. The formation of biofilm confers several advantages during pathogen colonization and tolerates extreme conditions like exogenous stress caused by anti-infective agents. The interpretation and exploitation of anti-biofilm properties would help in future challenges, particularly in the control of human infections. The proven scientific evidence with regard to cellular association and exopolysaccharide production by probiotic bacteria could play an important role as anti-biofilm tools. These extracellular components may directly interact with the biofilms as they are actively transported to the bacterial environments via cytoplasmic membrane. The interactive ability of these extracellular metabolites to treat pathogenic biofilms is gaining significant research interest and their possibility to use as anti-biofilm agents. In this review, the extracellular probiotic bacterial markers and molecular approaches to control pathogenic biofilms have been reviewed and future perspectives and research interests are discussed as well

Therapeutic potential of probiotic lactobacillus plantarum MYS94 against campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common intestinal pathogen causes of human gastroenterocolitis thereby leading to diarrhea and other serious post-infectious complications. Controlling the C. jejuni infection is critical for reducing campylobacteriosis for a healthy gut. In the current study, Lactobacillus plantarum MYS94 was isolated from traditional fermented wine and characterized for its probiotics properties and therapeutic potential against C. jejuni.The probiotic attributes revealed that, the strain could resist the gut pH, bile salt tolerance, adherence ability to chicken crop epithelial cells, sensitivity to penicillin, amoxicillin, bacitracin and erythromycin, further the strain also exhibited inhibitory potential against common food pathogens. The neutralized cell-free supernatant of Lp MYS94 exhibited 62.04% inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 7903 biofilm. The study also evaluated the cholesterol-lowering property of the Lp MYS94 using hen egg yolk as the cholesterol source. The cholesterol in hen egg yolk was assimilated by 62.18% and 31.42% by Lp MYS94and its CFS respectively. In addition, Lp MYS94-CFS tested against C. jejuni by well diffusion and time kill assay revealed a significant effect on C. jejuni with strong inhibitory activity. Collectively, the results suggests that L. plantarum MYS94 could be useful as potential probiotic strain suppressing C. jejuni

Characterization of probiotic lactobacillus plantarum mys14 isolated from sannas, a traditional fermented food for its therapeutic potential

Background: Traditional fermented foods are a typical niche for probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and are involved with many therapeutic attributes. Among LAB, Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the most versatile members. Several L. plantarum strains have been documented for their probiotic attributes. There are limited reports on the evaluation of probiotic potential along with the therapeutic properties such as antioxidative ability. With this background, the present study was carried out to screen ‘Sannas’ which is collected from the Coorg region of Karnataka state, India, in the presence of potential probiotic L. plantarum strains for their therapeutic potential. Methods: Sannas was screened for the potential probiotic strains and identified using physiological, biochemical and molecular methods. A series of probiotic attributes were assessed for the selection of potential probiotic strains. Further, the potential probiotic strains were assessed for the in vitro antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 7903. In addition, the cholesterol lowering ability of the potential probiotic strain using four-percent commercial fresh hen egg yolk as the cholesterol source. On the other hand, the in vitro antioxidant activity was also determined by a series of assays. Furthermore, the toxicity assessment was also done by the mitotic index using onion root tips as the source of chromosomes. Results: L. plantarum MYS14 isolated from an unexploited traditional cereal-based fermented food had good functional probiotic attributes and the antibiotic susceptibility was an intrinsic feature, thus consumption of this strain does not possess any health risk to humans and animals. In addition, the strain exhibited strong radical scavenging activity which might be useful in controlling or slowing the progress of several oxidative stress related disorders. On the other hand, the strain also exhibited better cholesterol assimilation, antibiofilm ability and the mitotic index revealed the non-toxic effect of the CFS. Conclusion: The probiotic therapy is gaining significant research interest in relation to gut microbiota in an attempt to better understand the therapeutic potential of probiotic strains isolated from unexploited traditional cereal based foods. It is confirmed that this L. plantarum MYS14 strain possesses several characteristics suitable for the production of various antioxidant probiotic products. Collectively, the results suggest that L. plantarum MYS14 may be used as probiotic strain for therapeutic applications

Sandstones in the Coastal Area Between Visakhapatnam & Bhimunipatnam, East Coast of India

46-48The 2 highly ferruginous sandstone units found are elongate, parallel to the coast line and are unfossiliferous. The sandstones are coarse grained, well sorted and negatively skewed. Textural characters, areal pattern and mineralogical composition suggest that the sandstones have been derived from the eolian red sands and deposited during one of the sea level fluctuations on the east coast of India. The sandstones are considered to be post-pleistocene in age in view of their position above the late Pleistocene red sandy sediments

Iron-catalyzed cyclization of aminothiols: An easy access to benzothiazoles and evaluation of their antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities

461-470<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-bidi-font-family:mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:hi"="">Iron-catalyzed cyclization of aminothiol with various aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes produces a variety of benzothiazoles in moderate to excellent yield. Compound 3o with one carbazole functional moiety bridged between two benzothiazole scaffolds is found promising and contributes to significant antimicrobial, MBC and anti-biofilm activities.</span

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some new N-fatty acyl derivatives of 4,5-dimethoxy tryptamine

531-541The aim of this study is to synthesize and examine the in vitro anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of N-fatty acyl derivatives of 4,5-dimethoxy tryptamine. A series of new N-fatty acyl derivatives of 4,5-dimethoxy tryptamine compounds derived from 2,3-dimethoxy benzaldehyde have been prepared. The synthesized compounds have been characterized and screened for anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The synthesized derivatives have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity on various cell lines. Compounds 9a and 9g have shown promising cytotoxicity, while compounds 9c, 9d and 9e have shown moderate activity for all the tested cancer cell lines. The antioxidant activities have been determined with regard to DPPH radical scavenging activity, superoxide free radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Based on the results, it has been observed that N-fatty acyl derivatives of 4,5-dimethoxy tryptamine exhibit promising antioxidant activity. In particular, the undecenoic acid-based derivative 9d shows good antioxidant activity in all the three assays. Further, the compound 9d exhibits significant antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121 with MIC value of 15.6 µg/mL